Moreover, DII was linked to a decreased odds of sleep disorder in women ( P < 0.05). The DIL was inversely associated with sleep medication use and delay in falling sleep in men and women, respectively ( P < 0.05). The DII was also linked to a lower chance for sleep disorder (OR = 0.61 95% CI: 0.39–0.93, P trend = 0.02). After adjustment for all potential confounders, participants in the highest DIL score tertile had a lower chance for sleep disorder (OR = 0.38 95%CI: 0.17–0.85, P trend = 0.02) and delay in falling asleep (OR = 0.66 95%CI: 0.42–1.03, P trend = 0.05) compared to those in the lowest tertile. In total, 5925 individuals aged 20 to 70 were eligible to take part in the current study. The link between DII/DIL and low sleep quality and short/long sleep duration was studied using multivariable logistic regression. Sleep quality and its components (insufficient sleep, delay in falling asleep, medication use for sleep, and sleep disorder) were assessed by a modified version of Pittsburgh questionnaire. Data on demographic characteristics, dietary intakes, sleep quantity and quality, and potential confounders were gathered by interview. This cross-sectional study conducted on data from the recruitment phase of Yazd Health Study (YaHS)-Yazd Nutrition Study (TAMYZ), prospective study in Yazd, central Iran. To examine the link between dietary insulin index (DII) and load (DIL) and sleep duration/quality for the first time.
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